苦しむ
くるしむ
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
JLPT N3 Common word
Meanings
Godan verb (-mu), Intransitive
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
Forms
| Plain | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 苦しむくるしむ | 苦しみますくるしみます |
| Negative | 苦しまないくるしまない | 苦しみませんくるしみません |
| Past | 苦しんだくるしんだ | 苦しみましたくるしみました |
| Past negative | 苦しまなかったくるしまなかった | 苦しみませんでしたくるしみませんでした |
| Te-form | 苦しんでくるしんで |
|---|---|
| Potential | 苦しめるくるしめる |
| Passive | 苦しまれるくるしまれる |
| Causative | 苦しませるくるしませる |
| Volitional | 苦しもうくるしもう |
| Imperative | 苦しめくるしめ |
| Conditional (ば) | 苦しめばくるしめば |
| Conditional (たら) | 苦しんだらくるしんだら |
Example sentences
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People were ground down by poverty.
-
The people groaned under the burden of heavy taxation.
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He is suffering from a headache.
-
He is having a hard time losing weight.
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To live is to suffer.
More examples (10)
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She was racked with pain.
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They are suffering from hunger.
彼らはスモッグで苦しんだ。
They suffered from smog.
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He was in pain.
-
He is suffering from a toothache.
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I suffered from my mortgage loan.
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He often suffered from toothache.
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I'm suffering from chronic constipation.
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The wounded man writhed.
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They are suffering financial difficulties.