による
Usually written in kana. Kanji spelling に依る
by means of; due to; because of; according to
Common word
Meanings
Expression, Godan verb (-ru)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
Forms
| Plain | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | による | によります |
| Negative | によらない | によりません |
| Past | によった | によりました |
| Past negative | によらなかった | によりませんでした |
| Te-form | によって |
|---|---|
| Potential | によれる |
| Passive | によられる |
| Causative | によらせる |
| Volitional | によろう |
| Imperative | によれ |
| Conditional (ば) | によれば |
| Conditional (たら) | によったら |
Example sentences
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A man is known by the company he keeps.
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The price depends on the size.
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Our plans for tomorrow depend on the weather.
機械故障によるダウンタイム。
The downtime is caused by a mechanical problem.
-
It depends on the strength of the flame, the pan used and the type of ingredients.
More examples (10)
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His failure resulted from his carelessness.
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Lightning is an electrical phenomenon.
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In Japan wages are usually in proportion to seniority.
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Frank left a message by means of a secret code.
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His success was largely due to good luck.
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His success was due in part to good luck.
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We believe in government by and for the people.
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A voyage to the moon in a spaceship is no longer a dream.
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One's point of view depends on the point where one sits.
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Beauty is altogether in the eye of the beholder.