努める
つとめる
to endeavor (to do); to endeavour; to try hard; to work hard
JLPT N2 Common word
Meanings
Ichidan verb, Intransitive
to endeavor (to do); to endeavour; to try hard; to work hard; to strive; to make an effort; to exert oneself; to devote oneself; to be committed (to doing)
Forms
| Plain | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 努めるつとめる | 努めますつとめます |
| Negative | 努めないつとめない | 努めませんつとめません |
| Past | 努めたつとめた | 努めましたつとめました |
| Past negative | 努めなかったつとめなかった | 努めませんでしたつとめませんでした |
| Te-form | 努めてつとめて |
|---|---|
| Potential | 努められるつとめられる |
| Passive | 努められるつとめられる |
| Causative | 努めさせるつとめさせる |
| Volitional | 努めようつとめよう |
| Imperative | 努めろつとめろ |
| Conditional (ば) | 努めればつとめれば |
| Conditional (たら) | 努めたらつとめたら |
Example sentences
説得に努めた。
We tried to persuade him.
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We're working to prevent fires.
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Try to control yourself.
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I tried not to laugh.
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She tried not to cry.
More examples (10)
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He tried to reduce his weight.
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He made an effort to get to the station early.
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Try to build up your strength.
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A housewife should be economical.
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Try to avoid bad company.
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Try to do things for yourself.
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She tried to keep her presence of mind.
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Try to be generous and forgive.
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She endeavored to do her duty.
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He was bidding for popular support.