~だけしか
~dake shika
JLPT N3 Neutral
Formation
Noun/Quantity + だけ + しか + Negative Verb
Emphasizes the scarcity or insufficiency of something; 'only', 'nothing but'.
When to use
Combines だけ+しか for extra emphasis on the restriction - "only, and nothing else".
Explanation
The ~だけしか grammar point is used to emphasize that there is nothing except what is mentioned, and it requires a negative verb. It can be translated as 'only' or 'nothing but' in English.
Example sentences
-
Today, I could study for only one hour.
Kyou wa ichijikan dake shika benkyou dekinakatta.
-
He eats only curry.
Kare wa karee dake shika tabenai.
-
Tanaka only invited five people.
Tanaka-san wa gonin dake shika shoutai shinakatta.
-
That restaurant sells only vegetables.
Ano resutoran de wa yasai dake shika utte inai.
Exclusivity (Only / Nothing But)
- Noun だけ〜〜dakeN5Indicates 'only', 'just', or 'merely'.
- Noun しか~ないNoun shika~naiN4Expresses 'only', 'nothing but', or 'no other'.
- Noun ばかり〜bakariN4Expresses 'only', 'nothing but', 'always', or 'just'.
- ~に過ぎない〜ni suginaiN2Expresses that something is 'just' or 'nothing more than'…
- ~に限り〜ni kagiriN2Expresses limitation; 'only', 'limited to', 'exclusive to'.
- ~にほかならない〜ni hoka naranaiN2Express that something is 'nothing but' or 'none other…
- ~しかない〜shika naiN3Express the idea of 'only', 'no other option but'…
- ~ばかりだ〜bakari daN2Express a continuing state or negative tendency; 'just'…
- Noun を おいて他に Verb ない〜wo oite hoka ni〜naiN1Means 'apart from ~ there's nothing else,' implying the…
- ~のは Noun ぐらいのものだ〜no wa Noun gurai no mono daN1Conveys that 'only (Noun) is the case' or 'nothing but…
Corpus examples (12)
-
This is all the money I have.
-
I can only speak for myself.
-
He has a hundred dollars at most.
-
I'm sorry. That's really all I remember.
-
She is apt to look only at the surface of things.
-
I could see nothing but fog.
-
I have only five thousand yen.
-
I'm sorry, but that's all we have right now.
-
I know nothing but this.
田舎だけしか知らない人には田舎はわからないし、都会から踏み出した事のない人には都会はわからない。
Those who know nothing but the countryside have no sense of countryside, and those who have not set foot outside the city do not know what a city really is.
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They have but the shadow of freedom.
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I know only this.