JLPT N1 Very formal / literary

A kare B kare

Expresses 'whether A or B'; both situations are included.

Formal, literary - one of several near-interchangeable "whether A or B" constructions; stylistic choice more than a formality ladder.

Formation

Explanation

The grammar point ~AかれBかれ is a somewhat literary/old-fashioned pattern often seen with i-adjectives (e.g., 早かれ遅かれ). It can mean 'whether A or B'. Here it's shown with nouns or verbs, which is also possible in older or set expressions.

Example sentences

  • Whether it's winter or summer, I jog every day.

    Fuyu kare natsu kare, mainichi jogingu suru.

  • Whether he comes or not, the party will start.

    Kare ga kuru kare konai kare, paatii wa hajimeru.

  • Whether we win or lose, it's important to take part in the match.

    Katsu kare makeru kare, shiai ni deru koto ga daiji da.

  • Whether it's raining or snowing, I never skip walking the dog.

    Ame kare yuki kare, inu no sanpo wa kakasanai.

Regardless (Whether A Or B)