A かれ B かれ JLPT N1 Very formal / literary
A kare B kare
Expresses 'whether A or B'; both situations are included.
Formal, literary - one of several near-interchangeable "whether A or B" constructions; stylistic choice more than a formality ladder.
Formation
Commonly i-adjective stems + かれ + i-adjective stems + かれ (e.g. 早かれ遅かれ). Also sometimes Noun + かれ + Noun + かれ in older usage.
Explanation
The grammar point ~AかれBかれ is a somewhat literary/old-fashioned pattern often seen with i-adjectives (e.g., 早かれ遅かれ). It can mean 'whether A or B'. Here it's shown with nouns or verbs, which is also possible in older or set expressions.
Example sentences
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Whether it's winter or summer, I jog every day.
Fuyu kare natsu kare, mainichi jogingu suru.
-
Whether he comes or not, the party will start.
Kare ga kuru kare konai kare, paatii wa hajimeru.
-
Whether we win or lose, it's important to take part in the match.
Katsu kare makeru kare, shiai ni deru koto ga daiji da.
-
Whether it's raining or snowing, I never skip walking the dog.
Ame kare yuki kare, inu no sanpo wa kakasanai.
Regardless (Whether A Or B)
- A うと B うと JLPT N1
- A であれ B であれ JLPT N1
- A とも B とも JLPT N1
- A あるいは B JLPT N2
- Noun なり Noun なり JLPT N1
- A にしろ B にしろ JLPT N1
- A にせよ B にせよ JLPT N1
- A につけ B につけ JLPT N1
- Noun といい Noun といい JLPT N1
- Noun といわず Noun といわず JLPT N1
- ~にしろ~にしろ JLPT N2