JLPT N1

A uga B uga

Expresses the idea of 'no matter how... or', 'even if... or'.

Formation

Explanation

The ~うが ~うが grammar pattern is used to express that regardless of the conditions in A and B, the result remains the same. Often you’ll see volitional forms or i-adjective '-かろうが' forms. It can be translated as 'no matter how... or...', 'even if... or...'.

Example sentences

  • No matter whether it's early morning or late at night, the bus is always late.

    Asa hayakarou ga yoru osokarou ga, itsumo basu ga okureru.

  • Even if I talk to him or don't, the outcome won't change.

    Kare ni hanasou ga hanasu maiga, kekka wa kawaranai.

  • Whether I do this job or not, the salary is the same.

    Kono shigoto o shiyou ga shimai ga, kyuuryou wa onaji da.

  • I don't think that person would understand whether I talk to them or not.

    Ano hito ni hanasou ga hanasu maiga, rikai shite kureru to wa omoenai.