～以来 JLPT N2 Formal
〜irai
Indicates something happening 'since', 'ever since', or 'after' a particular time.
Formal, written "ever since" - marks a lasting change since a point in time.
Formation
Verb-past + 以来, い-Adjective + 以来, Noun + 以来
Explanation
The ～以来 grammar point is used to express a period of time that has continued uninterrupted since a certain point in the past. It can be translated as 'since', 'ever since', or 'after'. The formation differs depending on whether it is used with a verb, an adjective, or a noun.
Example sentences
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I haven't seen her since we graduated.
Sotsugyou irai, kanojo ni atte inai.
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I've been busy ever since my child was born.
Kodomo ga umarete irai, isogashiku natta.
-
I've made more friends since I moved to Tokyo.
Toukyou ni hikkoshite irai, tomodachi ga fueta.
-
She's been easily frightened ever since she watched that movie.
Ano eiga wo mita irai, kanojo wa kowagari ni natta.