~きり
〜kiri
JLPT N3 Neutral
Formation
Verb-past + きり, Verb-てform + きり (less common), Noun + きり
Expresses the idea of 'only', 'since', or 'after'.
When to use
"Only/since then" - a one-time event with a lasting effect, similar to たきり but broader (also means "only").
Explanation
The ~きり grammar point is used to express the idea of 'only', 'since', or 'after'. It indicates that a certain action or state continues without any change since a specific point in time or after a certain event. It is commonly used with verbs in the past tense, but can also be used with other forms.
Example sentences
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He went out and hasn't come back since.
Kare wa dekaketa kiri kaette kimasen.
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I haven't had anything to drink since the coffee I had yesterday.
Kinou koohii wo nonda kiri, nani mo nomanakatta.
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I haven't seen her since we graduated.
Sotsugyou shita kiri, kanojo ni atte imasen.
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I've wanted to watch that movie again ever since I saw it.
Sono eiga wo mita kiri, mou ichido mitai to omotteimasu.
Sequence (After / As A Result)
- ~たきり〜takiriN2Express 'since then' or 'after'; used to indicate that an…
- ~上で〜ue deN2Used to express that something is done after or on the…
- ~あげく~agekuN2Expresses the outcome of a series of actions or events…
- ~以来〜iraiN2Indicates something happening 'since', 'ever since', or…
- ~末~sueN2Express the outcome after a period of time or series of…
- Verb てから~〜te karaN5Express a sequence of actions or events; 'after', 'since'…
- Noun の あとでNoun no atodeN5Expresses the order of events; 'after', 'later than'.
- Verb た あとでta ato deN5Indicates an action that takes place after another action.
- ~てはじめて〜te hajimeteN3Realization or action done for the first time; 'only…
- Noun にして初めてNoun nishite hajimeteN1Expresses 'only when/after... for the first time'.
- Verb てからというものVerb te kara to iu monoN1Expresses that ever since a certain event happened, a…
- Verbる 始末だ〜ru shimatsu daN1Indicates a (often unfortunate) result or conclusion of an…
Corpus examples (36)
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He is still not old enough to go there all alone.
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She left home five years ago, and has never been heard of since.
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I'm all alone in a foreign country.
この馬小屋にはしきりが12ある。
This stable contains twelve stalls.
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The two boys lived alone with a lovely cat.
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He went away from home three years ago, and has never been heard of since.
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She was alone with her baby in the house.
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I can't face this life alone.
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You never get a second chance to make a first impression.
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He went there, never to return.
夜遅くに、若い男は少女とふたりきりで長い間客間に座っていた。
The young man had been sitting in the drawing room alone with the girl for a long time, and it was getting late.
-
After my mother died suddenly, my father looked after me all by himself.
昨日の夜、私が彼女と二人きりだったのに出くわして、さぞ驚いたことでしょうね。
You must have been surprised to find me alone with her last night.
別にムキムキになれって言うんじゃないけど、ある程度は筋肉鍛えとかないとそのうち寝たきりになっちゃうよ。
I’m not saying you have to become totally ripped, but you should at least do some muscle training or you’ll probably end up bedridden before you know it.
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A misfortune never comes alone.
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He was never to see his native land again.
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I'd like to take it easy riding in a rowboat - just the two of us.
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She was occupied in cooking all afternoon.
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Since our father is bedridden, we take turns looking after him.
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Hiroko sat there all alone.
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I'm tied up with this job recently.
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Though 38, he is still dependent on his parents.
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She is devoted to her three children.
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I don't want to live all by myself.
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The moment she was alone, she opened the letter.