～つまり JLPT N3 Neutral

Formation

Sentence A + つまり + Sentence B (rephrasing)

Explanation

The ～つまり grammar point is used to restate or clarify in a concise way what has been said. It can be translated as 'in other words', 'that is to say', or 'in short'.

Example sentences

• 彼は大学の教授です。つまり、専門家です。

  He is a university professor. In other words, he is an expert.

  Kare wa daigaku no kyouju desu. Tsumari, senmonka desu.

• 今日は土曜日だ。つまり、明日は日曜日だ。

  Today is Saturday. That is to say, tomorrow is Sunday.

  Kyou wa doyoubi da. Tsumari, ashita wa nichiyoubi da.

• 山田さんは友達のお姉さんです。つまり、私たちの知り合いです。

  Ms. Yamada is my friend's older sister. In short, she's someone we know.

  Yamada-san wa tomodachi no oneesan desu. Tsumari, watashitachi no shiriai desu.

• 彼女はフランス出身です。つまり、フランス語が話せます。

  She is from France. In other words, she can speak French.

  Kanojo wa Furansu shusshin desu. Tsumari, Furansugo ga hanasemasu.

Restatement (That Is To Say)

• A すなわち B。 JLPT N2