A すなわち B。 JLPT N2 Very formal / literary

Formation

Phrase A + すなわち + Phrase B

Explanation

The grammar point A すなわち B is used to express that two phrases are equivalent or that the second phrase is further explanation, clarification or the true meaning of the first phrase. This can be translated as 'in other words', 'namely', or 'that is to say' in English.

Example sentences

• 私は立派な成果を出したい、すなわち、成功したいのです。

  I want to achieve great results, in other words, I want to succeed.

  Watashi wa rippana seika wo dashitai, sunawachi, seikou shitai no desu.

• 彼は言葉に詰まった、すなわち、何も言えなかった。

  He was at a loss for words, that is to say, he couldn't say anything.

  Kare wa kotoba ni tsumatta, sunawachi, nani mo ienakatta.

• 彼女は自分の目標に向かって努力し続けている、すなわち、彼女は非常に頑張っている。

  She keeps working hard towards her goals, namely, she is trying very hard.

  Kanojo wa jibun no mokuhyou ni mukatte doryoku shi tsudzukete iru, sunawachi, kanojo wa hijou ni ganbatte iru.

• この店はお客様の満足を一番大事にしています、すなわち、サービスが良いということです。

  This store values customer satisfaction above all else, in other words, it has good service.

  Kono mise wa okyakusama no manzoku o ichiban daiji ni shiteimasu, sunawachi, saabisu ga yoi to iu koto desu.

Restatement (That Is To Say)

• ～つまり JLPT N3