～てまで

When to use

Emphasizes going to an extreme extent - "even going so far as to...".

Explanation

The ～てまで grammar point is used to convey the extent someone goes to achieve something, highlighting the action one takes or the sacrifice one makes for a certain purpose. It can be translated as 'to the point of', 'even', or 'so far as to' in English. It is used with verbs, not adjectives or nouns.

• 彼かれは試験しけんに合格ごうかくするために、徹夜てつやしてまで勉強べんきょうしました。

  He studied to the point of staying up all night in order to pass the exam.

  Kare wa shiken ni gōkaku suru tame ni, tetsuya shite made benkyō shimashita.

• この商品しょうひんがほしかったので、朝早あさはやく起おきてまで並ならんで買かいました。

  I wanted this product so much that I went so far as to get up early and wait in line to buy it.

  Kono shōhin ga hoshikatta node, asa hayaku okite made narande kaimashita.

• 彼女かのじょは彼かれを助たすけるために、お金かねを借かりてまで手術しゅじゅつ代だいを払はらいました。

  In order to help him, she even borrowed money to pay for the surgery.

  Kanojo wa kare o tasukeru tame ni, okane o karite made shujutsudai o haraimashita.

• 部長ぶちょうはそのプロジェクトを成功せいこうさせるために、休日きゅうじつも働はたらいてまで取とり組くんでいます。

  The manager is even working on holidays to make the project a success.

  Buchō wa sono purojekuto o seikō saseru tame ni, kyūjitsu mo hataraite made torikunde imasu.

Other forms

• Verb てまでもParticleN1

Emphasis (Even)

• ～まで〜madeN4Indicates extent, 'until', 'up to', 'as far as', 'even'.
• ～さえ～saeN3Emphasizes a specific item or action; 'even', 'if only'…
• Noun ですら~desuraN1Means 'even', 'as much as', used for emphasis in formal…
• Noun にすら〜ni suraN1Expresses the concept of 'even'; 'even in', 'even as'…
• ～まで～て〜made 〜teN2Express doing something until a certain time or condition…
• Noun たりとも～ない~tari tomo ~naiN1Used to show a strong negative: 'not even ~', 'not a…
• Noun にもまして〜ni mo mashiteN1This expresses 'Even more than; exceeding'.

Compare when to use each