~なければ ならない
〜nakereba naranai
JLPT N4 Formal
Formation
Verb-ない form + なければ ならない
Express obligation or necessity; 'must', 'have to', 'need to'.
When to use
The full, uncontracted form; safe in writing and formal speech.
Explanation
The ~なければ ならない grammar point is used to express obligation or necessity. In English, it can be translated as 'must', 'have to', or 'need to'. The formation differs depending on whether it is used with a verb. It cannot be used with い-adjectives, な-adjectives or nouns.
Example sentences
宿題をやらなければならない。
I have to do my homework.
Shukudai wo yaranakereba naranai.
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I have to read this book by tomorrow.
Ashita made ni kono hon wo yomanakereba naranai.
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I have to wake up early so I don't be late for class.
Jugyou ni okurenai you ni, hayaku okinakereba naranai.
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I have to buy a ticket before going on a trip.
Ryokou ni iku mae ni kippu wo kawanakereba naranai.
Obligation (Must / Have to)
- ~なきゃいけない〜nakya ikenaiN4Express a necessity or obligation; 'must', 'have to'.
- ~ないといけない〜nai to ikenaiN4Express a necessity; 'must', 'have to', 'need to'.
- ~なくてはいけない〜nakute wa ikenaiN4Expresses the necessity or obligation; 'must', 'have to'.
- ~ねばならない〜neba naranaiN2Expresses obligation or necessity; 'must', 'have to'…
- ~ないと〜nai toN3Express a condition; 'if... not', 'unless', 'must'.
Corpus examples (60)
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A mother must protect her child's teeth from decay.
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Jim must be hospitalized at once.
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Before buying shoes, you should try them on.
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I must calculate how much money I'll spend next week.
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We should always be careful of what we do.
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We must do away with violence.
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It seems I will have to get rid of this worn out carpet.
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In studying geography, you must make constant use of maps.
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You'll have to study harder from now on.
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I've got to finish this essay by tomorrow.
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Needless to say, fundamental human rights should be respected.
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You must help your mother.
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They have to live on his small income.
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The time has come when I must tell you the truth.
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I must go and see him.
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I must rid my kitchen of cockroaches.
そろそろおいとましなければならない時間です。
It is about time I was going.
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In order to get the soil ready for planting you must plow it.
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The government will have to deal with the financial problem.
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One must be responsible for one's conduct.
今日は市場に肉がなかったから、缶詰で我慢しなければならない。
There was no fresh meat in the market today, so you'll have to content yourselves with something out of a tin.
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You must go, like it or lump it.
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You must bind yourself to keep your promise.
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I have a lot of work to finish up before the end of the week.
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All the workers who are lazy must be fired.