~ないと
〜nai to
JLPT N3 Casual
Formation
Verb-negative form + ないと
Express a condition; 'if... not', 'unless', 'must'.
When to use
Casual 'I have to', the rest (いけない) left off (もう行かないと).
Explanation
The ~ないと grammar point is used to express a condition, focusing on the negative consequences if the action is not performed. It can be translated as 'if... not', 'unless', or 'must' in English. The formation is simply attaching ないと to the negative form of a verb.
Example sentences
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If I don't eat breakfast, I will be hungry.
Asa gohan wo tabenai to, onaka ga suku.
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If I don't do my homework, the teacher will be angry.
Shukudai wo shinai to, sensei ni okorareru.
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If I don't charge it, I won't be able to use the phone.
Juden wo shinai to, denwa ga tsukaenaku naru.
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If I don't report this accident, the problem will become bigger.
Kono jiko wo houkoku shinai to, mondai ga ookiku naru.
Obligation (Must / Have to)
- ~なきゃいけない〜nakya ikenaiN4Express a necessity or obligation; 'must', 'have to'.
- ~ないといけない〜nai to ikenaiN4Express a necessity; 'must', 'have to', 'need to'.
- ~なくてはいけない〜nakute wa ikenaiN4Expresses the necessity or obligation; 'must', 'have to'.
- ~なければ ならない〜nakereba naranaiN4Express obligation or necessity; 'must', 'have to', 'need…
- ~ねばならない〜neba naranaiN2Expresses obligation or necessity; 'must', 'have to'…
Corpus examples (60)
私は博物館に間違った入り口から入ってしまった。もっと気をつけないといけなかった。
I entered the museum through the wrong gate. I should have been more careful.
子供の中にはスーパーでお菓子かおやつを買ってもらえないとだだをこね始める子がいる。
Some kids start to carry on at a supermarket when they are not allowed to buy some candy or other treat.
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She complained continually that there was no money left.
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I've got to remember to return this money to him.
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Why do you have to work late?
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I have to pay a little more attention.
準備運動しないとケガするかも。
If you don't warm up, you might get hurt.
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I have to go to the library.
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Please promise me that you will never tell a lie again.
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I said it might rain.
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You know you need to do that, don't you?
もう行かないと。
Got to go now.
かげでは、二人して僕のことを迂濶な奴、頓馬な奴、助平な奴などあざ笑っているのかも知れないと、僕は非常に不愉快を感じた。
I sensed with discomfort that the two of them might ridicule me behind my back as a thoughtless, simple-minded satyr.
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I have many things to do now.
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I guess I need to start studying harder.
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How do I know if I'm wrong?
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He tends to get angry when he doesn't have his own way.
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Must I finish this work?
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She thought it was necessary that she should do something about it.
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You need to know everything if you want to pass this test.
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Tom has decided that he isn't going to stay.
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Tom needs to improve his skills.
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I need to learn French before I go to France.
手術をしないといけないんでしょうか?
Am I going to need surgery?
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We must allow for some delay.