~てはいけない
〜te wa ikenai
JLPT N4 Neutral
Formation
Verb-て-form + はいけない
Expresses prohibition; 'must not', 'cannot'.
When to use
Everyday prohibition; common in daily instructions and rules (including for children) - less stiff than てはならない.
Explanation
The ~てはいけない grammar point is used to express strict prohibition or something that must not be done. It can be translated as 'must not', 'cannot', or 'should not' in English. It is formed by adding て-form of a verb followed by はいけない.
Example sentences
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You must not smoke in the park.
Kouen de tabako o sutte wa ikenai.
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You cannot take pictures here.
Koko de shashin o totte wa ikenai.
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You must not speak loudly in the library.
Toshokan de ookina koe o dashite wa ikenai.
バスの中で立っている人に席を譲ってはいけない。(Note: Unusual in real life, but grammatically correct.)
You should not give up your seat to someone standing on the bus. (Note: Odd in actual social context, but valid grammar.)
Basu no naka de tatteiru hito ni seki o yuzutte wa ikenai.
Permission And Prohibition (May / Must Not)
- ~ものではない〜mono dewa naiN2Expresses a strong negative suggestion or prohibition:…
- ~てはならない〜te wa naranaiN2Express prohibition; 'must not', 'cannot', 'should not'.
- ~べきではない〜beki dewa naiN2Express that an action should not be done; 'should not'…
- Verbる べからざる NounVerb-ru bekara zaru NounN1Used to express what should not be done; 'must not'…
- ~てもいい〜temo iiN4To give or ask permission; 'it's okay to', 'may', 'can'.
- Verbる べからず〜ru bekara zuN1Expresses the idea of 'must not do' or 'should not do'.
- ~差し支えない〜sashitsukaenaiN1Indicates no problem or obstacle; 'it’s fine if...'…
Corpus examples (60)
トランプで賭けてはいけない。
You must not gamble at cards.
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Don't lose your temper whatever he may say.
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You mustn't despise him because he didn't win a prize.
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You must not talk to each other in class.
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I may have to work part time.
テレビ番組向けにインタビューした医者に、今私にアレルギーがないからと言って安心してはいけないと注意され、ギクッとした。
I was given a scare by a doctor I interviewed for the TV program who warned me not to rest easy just because I had no allergic symptoms at the moment.
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Do not rely on the room clock for the accurate time of day.
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You ought not to be cruel to animals.
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You should not feel superior to other people.
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Don't look down on him merely because he is poor.
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Don't look down on the poor.
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Don't blame it on her.
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Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.
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I must learn French.
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I thought I might not be supposed to sit down.
出かけなくてはいけない。
I should head out.
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Don't speak ill of your classmates.
あなたの周りの人々の普通の行いに悪意があると考えてはいけない。
Don't read evil intentions into the ordinary actions of people around you.
男性は白黒の服装をしてはいけない。それは悪運を招くとされているから。
Men must not dress in black and white clothes because it is said that this brings bad luck.
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Don't listen to her.
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Never tell a lie!
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Don't trifle with the matter.
ここで遊んではいけないよ。
Don't play here.
私たち大人は子供の知的で創造的な能力をだめにしてはいけない。
We adults shouldn't destroy the intelligent and creative capacity of children.
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Do not trust such men as praise you to your face.