Verb ずとも JLPT N1

Formation

Verb-negative stem + ずとも, Verb-ない stem + なくとも

Explanation

The ～ずとも grammar point is used to express that, even if something isn't done, the desired result can still be achieved or the situation remains unaffected. It can be translated as 'even without' or 'even if not'.

Example sentences

• 朝ごはんを食べずとも、働くことができます。

  Even without eating breakfast, I can work.

  Asagohan o tabezu tomo, hataraku koto ga dekimasu.

• 車がなくとも、バスで行くことができます。

  Even without a car, you can go by bus.

  Kuruma ga nakutomo, basu de iku koto ga dekimasu.

• お金がなくとも、幸せになれる。

  Even without money, one can be happy.

  Okane ga nakutomo, shiawase ni nareru.

• インターネットがなくとも、情報を得る方法はいくつかあります。

  Even without the internet, there are several ways to obtain information.

  Intānetto ga nakutomo, jōhō o eru hōhō wa ikutsu ka arimasu.