~ので
〜node
JLPT N4 Polite
Formation
Verb-casual + ので, い-Adjective + ので, な-Adjective + なので, Noun + なので
Express a reason or a cause for something; 'because', 'since', 'so'.
When to use
Softer and more objective-sounding than から; common in polite/formal spoken Japanese and written explanations.
Explanation
The ~ので grammar point is used to express reason or cause for something. It can be translated as 'because', 'since', or 'so' in English. It is similar to から but is considered more polite and formal. The formation differs depending on whether it is used with a verb, い-adjective, な-adjective, or noun.
Example sentences
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I will study tonight because there is a test tomorrow.
Ashita shiken ga aru node, konban benkyou shimasu.
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I will not buy this dress because it is expensive.
Kono doresu ga takai node, kawanai koto ni shimasu.
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Tanaka-san will not come today since he is sick.
Tanaka-san wa byouki na node, kyou wa kimasen.
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It is better not to go outside because it is raining.
Ame ga futte iru node, soto ni denai hou ga ii desu yo.
Causality (Because / Since / Due to)
- ~から、~〜kara、~N5Expresses reason or cause; 'because', 'since', 'so'.
- A。だから、~B。A. Dakara, ~B.N5Express reason or cause; 'because', 'so', 'therefore'.
- A。だって B。Datte~N2Used to give a reason, express cause or bring up a topic…
- ~んだもん〜nda monN3Used to convey a sense of justification; 'because'…
- ~からです〜kara desuN5Express the reason or cause; 'because', 'since', 'due to'.
- ~し、~し、~〜shi, 〜shi, 〜N4Express multiple reasons or characteristics; 'and'…
- ~ことから〜koto karaN2Indicates the reason or basis for something; 'because'…
- ~ものだから〜mono dakaraN2Express the reason or cause for something; 'because'…
- ~なぜなら〜nazenaraN3Express a reason or explanation; 'because', 'the reason is'.
- ~がゆえに~ga yue niN1Expresses the reason or cause; 'because', 'due to', 'as a…
- ~こととて〜koto toteN1Used to express the reason or premise for a decision or…
- ~がゆえの Noun〜ga yue no NounN1Expresses the reason or cause for something; 'because of'…
- ~おかげで〜okagedeN3Expresses gratitude or shows a positive result due to a…
- ~ばかりに〜bakari niN2Express an undesired situation or result caused by…
- ~せいで〜sei deN3Indicates that something or someone caused an unfortunate…
- ~あまり〜amariN2Expresses the result of doing something excessively or…
- ~とあって〜to atteN1Expresses a special situation or event due to certain…
Corpus examples (60)
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Tom, who had been working all day, wanted to have a rest.
私はあの宝石店のあたりをうろついていたので、泥棒の嫌疑をかけられた。
I was suspected of being a thief because I was hanging about near the jeweler's.
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He is still not old enough to go there all alone.
私はこのとおり大きな町に住んでいるのでめったに魚釣りに行けない。
Living, as I do, in such a large town, I can seldom go fishing.
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In the end, it was just too much bother so I went home by taxi.
国内線第1ターミナル行きです。国際線には参りませんのでご注意ください。
We are bound for Domestic terminal 1. We will not be making any stops at the International terminal, so please take care.
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I was late because my car broke down.
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I am sorry, but I have someone coming.
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He fell ill because he ate too much.
彼の絵はとても強い印象を私に与えたので、私は彼に興味を持った。
His paintings so impressed me that I was interested in him.
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The play was so popular that the theater was almost full.
電車にはほとんど乗客がいなかったので席を見つけるのは簡単だった。
It was easy to find seats in the train because there were so few passengers.
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As it was late at night and I was very tired, I put up at an inn.
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As he had no way of making fire, he ate the fish raw.
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She was careless with money, so now she's in trouble financially.
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He is well off, so he doesn't worry about money.
彼は貧しい家に生まれたので、学校教育もほとんど受けなかった。
He was born so poor that he received hardly any school education.
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Tom stayed home because it was raining.
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Her skin is coarse from years of working outdoors.
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It's so cold here that we can't do without an overcoat.
何しろ小さい店なので、彼は会計係から倉庫係まで多くの仕事を一手にこなさなければならない。
Because the store is so small, he has to wear many different hats, from accountant to stock boy.
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Since I lost a little weight, my belt got loose.
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They called in a doctor because the child was ill.
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This book is written in simple English, so it's easy to read.
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Mt. Unzen is such a nice place that many people visit there.